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22:1 Haec dicit Dominus : Descende in domum regis Juda, et loqueris ibi verbum hoc,
*H Thus saith the Lord: Go down to the house of the king of Juda, and there thou shalt speak this word,


Ver. 1. Go. The contents of this chapter are of a more ancient date than those of the foregoing chapter; for the order of time is not always observed in the writings of the prophets. Ch. W. — King Joakim, who succeeded Sellum, A. 3394. Usher.

22:2 et dices : [Audi verbum Domini, rex Juda, qui sedes super solium David : tu et servi tui, et populus tuus, qui ingredimini per portas istas.
And thou shalt say: Hear the word of the Lord, king of Juda, that sittest upon the throne of David: thou and thy servants, and thy people, who enter in by these gates.
22:3 Haec dicit Dominus : Facite judicium et justitiam, et liberate vi oppressum de manu calumniatoris : et advenam, et pupillum, et viduam nolite contristare, neque opprimatis inique, et sanguinem innocentem ne effundatis in loco isto.
Thus saith the Lord: Execute judgment and justice, and deliver him that is oppressed out of the hand of the oppressor: and afflict not the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, nor oppress them unjustly: and shed not innocent blood in this place.
22:4 Si enim facientes feceritis verbum istud, ingredientur per portas domus hujus reges sedentes de genere David super thronum ejus, et ascendentes currus et equos, ipsi, et servi, et populus eorum.
For if you will do this thing indeed, then shall there enter in by the gates of this house, kings of the race of David sitting upon his throne, and riding in chariots and on horses, they and their servants, and their people.
22:5 Quod si non audieritis verba haec : in memetipso juravi, dicit Dominus, quia in solitudinem erit domus haec.
*H But if you will not hearken to these words: I swear by myself, saith the Lord, that this house shall become a desolation.


Ver. 5. Myself, having none greater. Heb. vi. 13. Oaths evince the insincerity of men, who distrust each other; but when God condescends to use them, it shews men's incredulity. — House, the temple, or rather the palace, where the king was sitting at the gate, v. 2. C.

22:6 Quia haec dicit Dominus super domum regis Juda : Galaad, tu mihi caput Libani, si non posuero te solitudinem, urbes inhabitabiles !
*H For thus saith the Lord to the house of the king of Juda: Thou art to me Galaad the head of Libanus: yet surely I will make thee a wilderness, and cities not habitable.


Ver. 6. Galaad, the head of Libanus. By Galaad, a rich and fruitful country, is here signified the royal palace of the kings of the house of David; by Libanus, a high mountain abounding in cedar-trees, the populous city of Jerusalem. Ch. W. Theodor. — Both mountains are connected. S. Jer. Strabo xvi. — Yet the proper Galaad was at some distance, and on the side of Ammon very barren. The palaces had arisen from a miserable state to resemble Libanus. They shall surely be destroyed. C. — The advantageous situation of Jerusalem should not protect it, no more than it had done Galaad. 4 K. xv. 29. Jun. Grot.

22:7 Et sanctificabo super te, interficientem virum et arma ejus : et succident electas cedros tuas, et praecipitabunt in ignem.
*H And I will prepare against thee the destroyer and his weapons: and they shall cut down thy chosen cedars, and shall cast them headlong into the fire.


Ver. 7. Prepare. Lit. sanctify; (Ch.) as various religious ceremonies were used before the declaration of war, and to know what would be the success. C. — The Chaldees were destined to execute God's decrees. S. Jer. — Cedars; fine buildings, (v. 14. C.) and chiefs. H.

22:8 Et pertransibunt gentes multae per civitatem hanc, et dicet unusquisque proximo suo : Quare fecit Dominus sic civitati huic grandi ?
And many nations shall pass by this city: and they shall say every man to his neighbour: Why hath the Lord done so to this great city?
* Footnote * Deuteronomy 29 : 24 And all the nations shall say: Why hath the Lord done thus to this land? what meaneth this exceeding great heat of his wrath?
* Footnote * 3_Kings 9 : 8 And this house shall be made an example of: every one that shall pass by it, shall be astonished, and shall hiss, and say: Why hath the Lord done thus to this land, and to this house?
22:9 Et respondebunt : Eo quod dereliquerint pactum Domini Dei sui, et adoraverint deos alienos, et servierint eis.
And they shall answer: Because they have forsaken the covenant of the Lord their God, and have adored strange gods, and served them.
22:10 Nolite flere mortuum, neque lugeatis super eum fletu : plangite eum qui egreditur, quia non revertetur ultra, nec videbit terram nativitatis suae.
*H Weep not for him that is dead, nor bemoan him with your tears: lament him that goeth away, for he shall return no more, nor see his native country.


Ver. 10. Dead. He means the good king Josias, who by death was taken away, so as not to see the miseries of his country. — Away. Sellum, alias Joachaz, who was carried captive into Egypt. Ch. v. 12. and 4 K. xxiii. 33. C. — He was the fourth son of Josias, (1 Par. iii. 15.) and had probably the title of king after the death of Sedecias. W.

22:11 Quia haec dicit Dominus ad Sellum, filium Josiae, regem Juda, qui regnavit pro Josia patre suo, qui egressus est de loco isto : Non revertetur huc amplius,
For thus saith the Lord to Sellum the son of Josias the king of Juda, who reigned instead of his father, who went forth out of this place: He shall return hither no more:
22:12 sed in loco ad quem transtuli eum, ibi morietur, et terram istam non videbit amplius.
But in the place, to which I have removed him, there shall he die, and he shall not see this land any more.
22:13 Vae qui aedificat domum suam in injustitia, et coenacula sua non in judicio : amicum suum opprimet frustra, et mercedem ejus non reddet ei :
*H Woe to him that buildeth up his house by injustice, and his chambers not in judgment: that will oppress his friend without cause, and will not pay him his wages.


Ver. 13. Friend. Joakim forced his subjects to work for him for nothing.

22:14 qui dicit : Aedificabo mihi domum latam, et coenacula spatiosa : qui aperit sibi fenestras et facit laquearia cedrina, pingitque sinopide.
*H Who saith: I will build me a wide house, and large chambers: who openeth to himself windows, and maketh roofs of cedar, and painteth them with vermilion.


Ver. 14. Wide. Heb. "measured;" large, and well-proportioned. — Vermilion, (cynopide.) This colour was invented in the town of Pontus, and was used for statues, &c. Pliny xxxiii. 6. and xxxv. 6. Wisd. xiii. 14. C. — Heb. shashar (H.) may mean indigo. Jun. C.

22:15 Numquid regnabis quoniam confers te cedro ? pater tuus numquid non comedit et bibit, et fecit judicium et justitiam tunc cum bene erat ei ?
*H Shalt thou reign, because thou comparest thyself to the cedar? did not thy father eat and drink, and do judgment and justice, and it was then well with him?


Ver. 15. Cedar; Josias. C. — Shall thy magnificent palaces secure thy empire? H. — Him. Obey the Lord, in like manner, that thou mayst prosper.

22:16 Judicavit causam pauperis et egeni in bonum suum : numquid non ideo quia cognovit me ? dicit Dominus.
He judged the cause of the poor and needy for his own good: was it not therefore because he knew me, saith the Lord?
22:17 Tui vero oculi et cor ad avaritiam, et ad sanguinem innocentem fundendum, et ad calumniam, et ad cursum mali operis.
But thy eyes and thy heart are set upon covetousness, and upon shedding innocent blood, and upon oppression, and running after evil works.
22:18 Propterea haec dicit Dominus ad Joakim, filium Josiae, regem Juda : Non plangent eum : Vae frater ! et vae soror ! non concrepabunt ei : Vae domine ! et vae inclyte !
*H Therefore thus saith the Lord concerning Joakim the son of Josias king of Juda: They shall not mourn for him, Alas, my brother, and, Alas, sister: they shall not lament for him, Alas, my lord, or, Alas, the noble one.


Ver. 18. Sister. They shall not condole with his consort.

22:19 Sepultura asini sepelietur, putrefactus et projectus extra portas Jerusalem.]
*H He shall be buried with the burial of an ass, rotten and cast forth without the gates of Jerusalem.


Ver. 19. Jerusalem. C. xxxvi. 30. He died indeed with or like his fathers. 4 K. xxiv. 6. But it is not said that he was buried. S. Jer. — The Chaldees designed to send him to Babylon, (2 Par. xxxvi. 6.) but slew him on the road, (Usher, A. 3405) or treated his corpse ignominiously after his arrival. Grot.

22:20 [Ascende Libanum, et clama, et in Basan da vocem tuam : et clama ad transeuntes, quia contriti sunt omnes amatores tui.
*H Go up to Libanus, and cry: and lift up thy voice in Basan, and cry to them that pass by, for all thy lovers are destroyed.


Ver. 20. Go; Jerusalem. The verbs are feminine. — Lovers; citizens, or Egyptians, &c. C. xxvii. 2.

22:21 Locutus sum ad te in abundantia tua, et dixisti : Non audiam : haec est via tua ab adolescentia tua, quia non audisti vocem meam.
I spoke to thee in thy prosperity: and thou saidst: I will not hear: this hath been thy way from thy youth, because thou hast not heard my voice.
22:22 Omnes pastores tuos pascet ventus, et amatores tui in captivitatem ibunt : et tunc confunderis, et erubesces ab omni malitia tua.
*H The wind shall feed all thy pastors, and thy lovers shall go into captivity and then shalt thou be confounded, and ashamed of all thy wickedness.


Ver. 22. Pastors, or princes, whose expectations of aid will be frustrated. Osee xii. 1. Chal. "Thy leaders shall be scattered to all the winds."

22:23 Quae sedes in Libano, et nidificas in cedris, quomodo congemuisti cum venissent tibi dolores, quasi dolores parturientis ?
Thou that sittest in Libanus, and makest thy nest in the cedars, how hast thou mourned when sorrows came upon thee, as the pains of a woman in labour?
22:24 Vivo ego, dicit Dominus, quia si fuerit Jechonias filius Joakim regis Juda annulus in manu dextera mea, inde evellam eum,
*H As I live, saith the Lord, if Jechonias the son of Joakim the king of Juda were a ring on my right hand, I would pluck him thence.


Ver. 24. Jechonias: Joachin, (4 K. xxiv. 6. W.) or Chenias, who did not take warning by his predecessor's misfortune. — Ring, or seal, if he were most dear to me, the prime minister of the greatest monarch. Agg. ii. 24. C. — Alexander gave his ring to Perdiccas, designating him his successor, or regent. Curt. x.

22:25 et dabo te in manu quaerentium animam tuam, et in manu quorum tu formidas faciem, et in manu Nabuchodonosor regis Babylonis, et in manu Chaldaeorum :
And I will give thee into the hand of them that seek thy life, and into the hand of them whose face thou fearest, and into the hand of Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and into the hand of the Chaldeans.
22:26 et mittam te, et matrem tuam quae genuit te, in terram alienam, in qua nati non estis, ibique moriemini.
*H And I will send thee, and thy mother that bore thee, into a strange country, in which you were not born, and there you shall die:


Ver. 26. Mother; Nohesta, (4 K. xxiv. 8.) who perverted, (C.) or did not correct him in his youth. H.

22:27 Et in terram ad quam ipsi levant animam suam ut revertantur illuc, non revertentur.
*H And they shall not return into the land, whereunto they lift up their mind to return thither.


Ver. 27. Mind; ardently desiring and expecting to be liberated. C.

22:28 Numquid vas fictile atque contritum vir iste Jechonias ? numquid vas absque omni voluptate ? quare abjecti sunt ipse et semen ejus, et projecti in terram quam ignoraverunt ?
*H Is this man Jechonias an earthen and a broken vessel? is he a vessel wherein is no pleasure? why are they cast out, he and his seed, and are cast into a land which they know not?


Ver. 28. Jechonias. Prot. "Koniah, a despised broken idol? is he," &c. Sept. Alex. "Jechonias has been dishonoured as a vessel, or which there is no need, for he hath been snatched and cast," &c. H.

22:29 Terra, terra, terra, audi sermonem Domini.
O earth, earth, earth, hear the word of the Lord.
22:30 Haec dicit Dominus : Scribe virum istum sterilem, virum qui in diebus suis non prosperabitur : nec enim erit de semine ejus vir qui sedeat super solium David, et potestatem habeat ultra in Juda.]
*H Thus saith the Lord: Write this man barren, a man that shall not prosper in his days: for there shall not be a man of his seed that shall sit upon the throne of David, and have power any more in Juda.


Ver. 30. Write this man barren. That is childless: not that he had no children, but that his children should never sit on the throne of Juda. Ch. v. 28. Mat. i. 12. Ezec. xvii. 24. Zorobabel was of his seed, yet he never obtained the title or sovereign power of a king. The Machabees were of a different family. S. Jer. — Joachin, or Jechonias, was restored indeed to some favour, (4 K. xxv. 27.) but not to the kingdom, no more than any of his posterity, till Christ. W.

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